How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD
Many people believe that ADHD is only a condition of children, but it can affect adults too. Diagnosed and treated for ADHD an individual can lead a happier life.
Interviewing the person and their family members can be a part of an evaluation for ADHD. The specialist could look over the school records of the past to determine if the symptoms started as an infant.
Signs and symptoms
Everyone has trouble concentrating and staying well-organized from time to time However, for those who has ADHD, these problems interfere with work, school and family life. A person must show major symptoms in two of these areas and have a significant impact on the way they function in their daily lives for them to be identified as having ADHD. The symptoms must have been present for at least six months.
A doctor will inquire of the patient about their symptoms, and also regarding any medical issues or family history. They can also utilize rating scales to assess a adult's or child's symptoms. These questionnaires are based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5). They include questions about symptoms like inattention, hyperactivity and an impulsive nature.
Adults might be asked to talk with their spouse or someone who knows them well. This is not a way to doubt the patient's honesty, but to gain more insight about their behavior that cannot be obtained from an interview. They may ask about childhood behaviors and use old school records to determine whether symptoms began before the age of 12.
Before determining the cause, the doctor will perform an extensive physical examination and run tests in order to rule other ailments for thyroid issues or head injuries that can cause similar symptoms. The doctor will also go over the patient's medications. Certain medications for depression high blood pressure, depression and other conditions can interact with stimulants, and the doctor will take these into account when suggesting treatments. It is crucial that adults speak to their primary health care providers when they suspect they be suffering from ADHD.
Diagnosis
To be diagnosed with ADHD symptoms must be present in at least two or more environments (like school, home and work) and have a significant impact on functioning. adhd diagnosis adults uk should also have been diagnosed at the age of 12 and the impairment can't be due to another disorder, such as depression or anxiety.
A doctor or mental health professional will employ a variety tools during the assessment which include ADHD symptoms checklists, standardized behavior rating scales and a thorough history. They may also interview family members or friends to find out how the symptoms have affected them. They will also ask whether there are any other psychiatric disorders or physical illnesses that display similar symptoms.
The evaluators will consider whether the symptoms are serious or mild. They will also review the patient's medical and family history in order to determine if there are any underlying causes for their issue for example, thyroid issues or head injuries.
In certain instances an evaluator might decide to conduct a cognitive test or have the person undergo an imaging test to rule out other causes for their symptoms, including learning disabilities, mood disorders personality disorders, and alcohol abuse. People with these issues often appear differently than those who do not have these issues. For instance, boys are more likely to exhibit hyperactivity symptoms, whereas girls show inattention symptoms.
Many people with ADHD would like to participate in studies to test out new treatments. This is an excellent chance to conduct further research. However, participants should be aware that the primary goal of these studies is scientific knowledge, not the guarantee of treatment. For more information on clinical trials, check out NIMH's Clinical Trials fact sheet.
Treatment
For a person who suspects they may have ADHD it is important to find an expert trained in diagnosing the disorder. Contact your health insurance provider to find out if ADHD specialists are covered. You can also seek referrals from your family doctor or other health care professionals. Also, word-of mouth referrals are a good choice.
A doctor will inquire with the patient - or parents in the case of children - about their issues. They can use standardized questionnaires or ADHD symptom checklists, and ask for information from other people in the patient's life, including spouses and family members. Personal insight can provide more information than what can be learned from questionnaires.
A professional will also want to look over any documents that the person may have, particularly old school reports. The diagnosis of ADHD is based on a person's history and, to be diagnosed with the condition, symptoms must be present from the age of a child (technically prior to the age of 12).
A physical exam is also conducted. It's also a way to check for other medical conditions that could be causing symptoms, such seizures or thyroid issues. The specialist will typically conduct a neurological examination, that checks for motor control and coordination. Psychological tests that measure the ability to think and be smart could also be used. A person may be asked to complete simple computer tasks designed to test memory and attention. This can help the expert determine if someone is hyperactive, inattentive or hyperactive or impulsive. The specialist will determine a treatment plan and make an appropriate diagnosis. Treatment plans usually consist of therapy and medication. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy can teach adults and children healthy coping techniques and change unhelpful thinking patterns. The therapy can be conducted by a primary care physician, or a mental health professional who specializes in adult ADHD.
Medication
Many people suffering from ADHD are helped by medication. However, this is not the only way to treat the condition. Adults, teenagers and children are also able to benefit from behavioral therapy, psychotherapy or any combination of the two. These therapies aid them in coping and cope with their ADHD symptoms. They may also include psychoeducation, which is education about ADHD and ways to manage it. They can also involve teachers, parents and other professionals.
It's important to find a health care provider or mental health professional who has previous experience treating ADHD. You can ask for recommendations from other people with ADHD or from a mental health professional you already know, or conduct an online search. It is best to locate an expert who is familiar with your insurance plan.
To diagnose ADHD or other disorders, your health care provider will ask about your or your child's symptoms and issues caused by them. They will conduct a physical examination and check for any other health issues that could cause similar symptoms. They will look over the medical and family history of your child or you and also school documents and other reports.
Finding out if you have ADHD in adults can be trickier because the symptoms Guidelines of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-V) are primarily geared towards diagnosing children. Your health care provider might interview you or your children about their symptoms and request that others who spend a lot of time with them fill out checklists and questionnaires. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. The drugs used to treat ADHD include stimulants, like methylphenidate and Lisdexamfetamine, and nonstimulants like atomoxetine and certain antidepressants. They work by increasing and balancing the levels of brain chemicals called neurotransmitters.
Counseling
Many people with ADHD also have co-occurring disorders, such as anxiety or depression. This is why treatment should include therapy that addresses these issues. Some patients can benefit from cognitive behavior therapy which teaches techniques such as managing time and tasks and emotional self-regulation.
In addition, therapists can assist patients in managing their symptoms by making lifestyle modifications. Regular exercise can help decrease hyperactivity and improve concentration. A healthy diet is essential as well. People who suffer from ADHD tend eat more fat and sugar, and less fruits and vegetables. Making family and social relationships a priority can reduce stress and make individuals feel more in control of their lives.
A diagnosis of ADHD can help children and adults better understand their challenges. For example, a child who has ADHD may have trouble communicating their demands to peers and teachers However, when a teacher realizes that it's not due to personal issues or to a lack of motivation, accommodations can be provided.
A professional who conducts an ADHD assessment will ask questions geared toward the age of the person, talk to family members and teachers, review medical records, and look for comorbidities. If ADHD symptoms started before adulthood school records could be helpful for adults.
A physical exam is often included, and the expert will likely look for hearing and vision issues. The doctor may also perform an examination of the blood to determine the presence of certain hormones, and other health issues that could cause symptoms similar to ADHD.